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Target Make America Great Again Hat

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American campaign slogan

Trump'south "Make America Great Once again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Over again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Allow'southward Make America Corking Once more" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential principal campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'southward utilise of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a popular culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, amusement and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United States, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [half dozen] [7] The slogan was also at the center of ii events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [xi]

Use earlier Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken communication at the third session of the 76th The states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential ballot: "What is the mode? Hither is America. At that place are 130,000,000 of u.s.. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That volition make America peachy over again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was institute in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater'southward unsuccessful 1964 presidential entrada.[thirteen]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's brand America keen again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United states of america was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [sixteen] [17] Within his credence oral communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without chore opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, nosotros'll restore promise and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America not bad again."[18] [xix]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential entrada.[21] Clinton as well used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'southward 2008 presidential primary entrada.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used equally a campaign rallying cry, was a bulletin to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had 50 years ago, and... motility you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'south book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let'southward Do What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Employ by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Smashing Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open considering, above all else, we must make America great again."[25] Also in Dec 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the like phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Nifty Again" by stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a grouping of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Country'southward function to create the "Make America Great Again Party", which would have immune Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential ballot.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his ain account, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Great", but did not feel similar it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Great" was his adjacent slogan idea, simply upon further reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America considering it implied that America was never not bad. Subsequently selecting "Make America Not bad Again", Trump immediately had an attorney annals it. (Trump afterwards said he was unaware of Reagan'due south use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an awarding with the Usa Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to employ the slogan for political purposes. It was registered every bit a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public equally early on every bit August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Brand America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at ane signal it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or idiot box commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that apocryphal versions outnumbered the real hat x to one. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that's an advertisement."[28]

Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Nonetheless, Trump's 2020 entrada continued to use the "Make America Corking Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-once again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a week afterward Trump left part, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Nifty Again Political party". In his first few days out of office, he as well supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In belatedly January 2021, the one-time president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [forty]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it's MODERN 24-hour interval PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Once again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the outset half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marker Whitehouse noted "A regression assay suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a mail service's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lonely include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with xiv% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set upward his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the declaration (June sixteen, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, amid others,[5] [half dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear information technology as racist coded linguistic communication, just also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates every bit America First did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks similar me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Once more' hat is non necessarily an overt expression of racism. Merely if yous wear ane, it's a pretty good indication that y'all share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did non believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan equally "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to entreatment to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that about ten pct of black voters identified every bit Trump supporters,[50] [ non-main source needed ] while about thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ meliorate source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be fiddling doubt virtually Usa President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election entrada theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Groovy Over again; America First and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Skilful Fight: Why Liberals – and Simply Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Brand America Great Over again [53] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a volume almost her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Permit'south Do What Information technology Takes To Make America Bully Again.[54]

Afterwards Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to transport finish-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Fence Once more", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016, debate.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America United mexican states Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.South.–United mexican states border.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Sometime U.s.a. Chaser General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you call back America was dandy?"[60] [61] During John McCain'south memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made nifty again because America was always keen."[62] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Nifty AGAIN!" later that day.[63]

Utilize past hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were usually used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive infinite" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of French republic, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the speech delivered past him was "make our planet keen over again."[65]

During his entrada for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, onetime opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia bang-up once again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Brand Eu Lagom Once again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Brand Globe Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Motility have often used slogans similar "Make Earth Greta Once again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary motion-picture show named Make the World Greta Over again.[70]

The Spanish far right party Voice used every bit slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Espana Great Again".[71] [72]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase every bit it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Developed entertainment [edit]

  • Developed moving picture star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took function in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump'due south initial 2016 campaign trail and office of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[73]

Ad [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[74]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Bang-up Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[75] [76]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cantankerous's 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Groovy Again".[77]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the World Trade Middle during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Swell Again" hats.[78] [79] [80]

Mode [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Neat Once more" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[81]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[82]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Cracking Again" fez hat in i scene.[83]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[84]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Proceed America Bang-up" (a phrase Trump would later apply every bit his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with ane stating he does so "to proceed my land [America] great".[85] The next film in the franchise, The Outset Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA hat.[86]
  • The grapheme Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the movie.[87]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Brand Athens Not bad Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat xi (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombatxi newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Once more" in its marketing campaign.[88]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Smashing Again" during his spoken language while contesting Raiden.[89]
  • In Hitman ii (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast nether the slogan Haz que Republic of colombia sea grande otra vez .[90]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Male child released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once more.[91]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[92]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[93]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, chosen their 2017 nationwide bout the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • U.k. musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Nifty Over again'[94]
  • Snoop Dogg released a vocal titled "Make America Crip Once more".[95]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Brand America Great Again" on his album Exist More than Kind (2018).
  • Vocalizer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' clothes.[96]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a lid saying Make America Skate over again in Chance the Rapper'south video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" affiche.[97]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Dandy Over again.[98]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They besides sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Not bad Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a chapeau saying "Brand Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Writer Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Great Once again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a grapheme, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[99] Jarret is described every bit "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[100]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Appointment Again",[101] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Tv [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Final Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[102] [103] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[103]
  • In the S Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[104]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[105] [106] [107] [108]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used past Trump.[ane]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

wernerchember.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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